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For example: Is it best practice to pronounce Finnlando as [fin.nlando] (like double consonants in Arabic languages) or maybe [fin:lando] (like long consonants in old Scandinavian languages) or would Finlando & Finnlando be pronounced indistinguishably?
PS: Consider Rule#9 of the 16 Rules of Esperanto Grammar: "All words are read as they are written."
The answer to your question is right in your question. "All words are read as they are written." So yes, double consonants are supposed to be pronounced like two consonants. Sometimes this is not easy - which is why Suomio is a popular alternative to Finnlando.
As you cite, the norm prescribes
All words are read as they are written; there are no silent letters.
From this you can conclude not only that double consonants must be pronounced, but also pronounced as two sounds instead as one long consonant. So e.g. ekkoleri should be [ɛkkɔ'lɛri] with [kk] as in Polish lekki (light), not with [k:] as in Italian vecchio (old).
While this is clear for plosives like p t k, for non-plosives like l m s the distinction between double vs. long articulation is less perceivable (I am not aware of a language distinguishing between long and double sonorants), and so an easy pronounciation like [fin:'landɔ] is certainly tolerable.
