2

I understand that ĝis means "up to", or "as far as", and al means "to", but when must one change between the two? Take Duolingo's example:

Mi vojaĝas tra Germanio ĝis Pollando.

Why would one use ĝis here?

1 Answer 1

4

al sets the general direction or target, ĝis sets the limit of movement. In some cases you can use any of them, but inserting ĝis you actually specify an end point to your movement, so in your example I stop when I reach Polland. Sometimes you can use both at the same time, as found in "La Faraono" (Zamenhof):

La granda sinjoro elkuris renkonte, al la monarĥo ĝis la pordego kaj, demetinte de l’ piedoj multekostajn sandalojn, surgenue helpis Ramzeson malsupreniri.

2
  • Just in order to avoid any uncertainty: ĝis indicates the point in space before you stop, so tra Germanujo ĝis Pollando indicates that the endpoint of the journey is in Germany right at the Polish border. Commented Apr 18, 2018 at 7:20
  • Hmm, according to PMEG ĝis inkluzivas, i.e. ĝis Pollando means up into Poland but no further. If you want to express, that you stop at the border, then spell it out: tra Germanio ĝis la limo de Pollando. Commented Nov 18, 2019 at 9:19

Your Answer

By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge you have read our privacy policy.

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.