I have been using ĵaluzi and envii interchangeably, but recently I saw some comments in a chat goup about it. One person corrected another, saying it should be ĵaluzi and not envii. I now suppose there is a difference. Can anybody explain?
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3 Answers
http://vortaro.net/#%C4%B5aluza
Ĵaluza
"Sentanta doloran maltrankvilon pro la timo pri perdo aŭ difekto de iu sia posedaĵo"
"Feeling a painful uneasiness from the fear of loss or failure of a possession"
Envii
"1 Deziri havi tion, kion alia posedas"
"The desire to have what another haves"
"2 Senti malĝojon k malamon kontraŭ iu, kiu posedas ion, kion oni mem malhavas"
"To feel sadness and hatred for someone who possesses something which you yourself don't (or can't) have."
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Cxu tio estas via klarigo, aux la fonto ekzistas ie en la reto? Commented Nov 1, 2016 at 19:17
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1Kaj mia klarigo kaj tio de PIV. Mi aldonis la ligilojn al PIV.– makisCommented Nov 1, 2016 at 19:21
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I think "painful" would be a better translation for "doloran" than "hurtful".– kristanCommented Nov 1, 2016 at 19:55
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The difference between the two english words, jealousy and envy, is well explained in the Simpsons
Jealousy is when you worry that someone will take what you have. Envy is wanting what someone else has.
ĵaluzi and envii are the esperanto versions of these concepts, so ĵaluzi is fearing someone will take what you have, and envii is wanting something someone else has.
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2Although this is correct, I think it’s a little misleading because in English jealous is also commonly used to mean envious, as in “I’m jealous of your ice cream”. I think in Esperanto it would be wrong to use ĵaluzi in this case. Commented Oct 28, 2016 at 22:47
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According to PIV the root ĵaluz/ has an adjective character, i.e. the adjective ĵaluza is the first entry. There are listed two definitions:
- the one with feeling an uneasiness of loosing something
Mi estas ĵaluza pri mia reputacio : I am nervous about my reputation. - the second one of feeling jealous of a loved one
Mi estas/sentas min ĵaluza pri mia edzino : I feel jealous of my wife.
However for the verb ĵaluzi only one definition is given: konduti ĵaluze in the second sense of the root. So I read this to mean, that one can say Mi ĵaluzas pri mia edzino, but not *Mi ĵaluzas pri mia reputacio* (reword to Mi estas sentema pri mia reputacio).
On the other hand envi/ has a verbal character with two definitions:
- the one with a desire to have what another has (envii ion al iu)
- the second one with feeling sadness for someone having something what you don't have (envii iun pro io). This second definition is related to ĵaluzi.
To complete the analysis the adjective envia is related to the noun envio, which to my reading can have both meanings of the verbal root.
